Kwinjiza abahinzi∕borozi mu bucuruzi

Icuruza ry' abahinzi/borozi bato ni uburyo bw’ ubucuruzi umuhinzi/umworozi muto akoresha uko agenda yeza imyaka mu buhinzi cyangwa yorora amatungo mu bworozi.Umuhinzi/umworozi w’ umunyamwuga yita ku buhinzi/ubworozi nk’ ubucuruzi, akakira ikoranabuhanga ryongera inyungu, akagabanya ibisohoka mu kongera umusaruro cyangwa imenyekanishabikorwa bitari ngombwa, akisunga itsinda ngo yunguke imbaraga, kandi akagurisha ku baguzi banini byose abikomatanyirije hamwe.

Iterambere ry’ubukungu bwa Afurika rishingiye ahanini ku muvuduko w’iterambere ry’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. Umuvuduko w’ iterambere ry’ ubuhinzi n’ ubworozi muri afrika nawo ugenwa n’ umuvuduko imikorere igamije kubona ibyokurya ihindurwamo imikorere igamije guhaza isoko.Icuruzabuhinzi rikunze gufata inzira ndende mu guhindurwa riva ku buhinzi bwa gakondo rikajya ku buhinzi bucuruzwaho igice, rijya ku buhinzi bugamije ubucuruzi. Mu buhinzi bwa gakondo, intego nyamukuru ni ukwihaza mu biribwa hakoreshejwe cyane cyane ibitaguzwe byakorewe mu rugo. Intego n’ isoko y’ ibishyirwa mu buhinzi bucurujweho igice birahinduka bikaba gutanga inyongera ku musaruro w’ ubuhinzi hakoreshejwe ibyaguzwe n’ ibitaguzwe bishyirwa mu buhinzi. Mu buhinzi bujyanye n’ igihe, ibishyirwamo bikurwa ahanini ku masoko n’ ukuzamura inyungu bikaba intego nyamukuru y’ ubuhinzi bw’ umuryango.

Kuba ubucuruzi mu bihugu bya Africa buri hasi birushaho gutuma habaho igabanuka mu buhinzi n’ uruhererekane ngenagaciro rudakomeye cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa bifite isoko rinini nk’ ibiribwa by’ ibanze. U Rwanda, kimwe n’ ibindi bihugu byo muri Africa, rwugarijwe n’ imbogamizi zikomeye zituruka mu mikorere ya gakondo n’ uruhererekane ngenagaciro rudahamye aho zimwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye cyane ari;

• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kugera ku ngano ihagije (bigabanya bikomeye ubushobozi bw’ abahinzi mu kumvikana ibiciro mu isoko n’ amafaranga yo gutumiza ibiribwa yiyongera buri munsi) Abafite ibikorwa bito mtabwo bashobora gukora urunyurane rukenewe, ibicuruzwa ngo bagere ku bisabwa n’ amasoko akomeye.  
• Ukudahozaho no kutagira ubushobozi bwo kugemurira amasoko y’ ubucuruzi (ndetse n’ amasoko adahamye)
• Amatsinda atatanye, amatsinda atari ay’ ubucuruzi n’ imiyoborere/imikorere mibi. Imbogamizi y’ ingenzi mu kugera ku masoko no gutanga ingano isabwa.
•  Uburyo bw’ imenyekanishabikorwa bwinjiriwe n’ abahuza benshi (Bafatirana akavuyo kari mu bucuruzi bityo bakima abahinzi amahirwe yo kugurisha ku biciro byiza)
• Serivisi n’ ikoranabuhanga bishyigikira ubucuruzi. Bitabasha kugerwaho n’ abagira uruhare ku isoko bo hejuru n’ abo hasi.
• Byaragaragaye ko uburyo bwo kubona ibishyirwa mu buhinzi butoroheye abahinzi bituma abenshi mu bahinzi bakoresha ibiciriritse cyangwa ntibanashyiremo ibyakijyambere na bike mu gihe ubwikorezi na serivisi z’ iyagurabikorwa bikiri ibitashyikirwa na buri wese kubera imihanda n’ inzira z’ itumanaho bitameze neza.  

a)  Amagambo y’ ingenzi akoreshwa mu icuruza

• Ubucuruza bw’ itsinda ry’ abahinzi rigamije kuvana itsinda ry’ abahinzi ku buhinzi gakondo cyangwa burimo akavuyo rijyanwa ku buhinzi bugamije isoko mu rwego rwo kongera inyungu n’ ibyinjira biruseho.
• Ubuhinzi bugamije isoko bivuga kugira isoko mu ntekerezo, guhinga ibihingwa cyangwa korora amatungo hashingiwe kumakuru yizewe ku masoko, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ imikorere, imenyekanishabikorwa rikomatanyije mu rwego rwo kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ ibikorwa remezo n’ ikiguzi cy’ imenyekanishabikorwa.
• Umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi ni agace k’ ubucuruzi mu mudugudu (kagizwe n’ abakora kinyamwuga) kagezweho binyuze mu cyitegererezo cy’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi.
• Amatsinda y’ abahinzi/aborozi ba kijyambere ni amatsinda shingiro mu mudugudu w’ ubucuruzi agizwe n’ abanyamuryango batari munsi ya 15 ntibarenge 30 bishingiye ku buryo baturanye. Aya matsinda niyo agenderwaho mu mahugurwa, guhuza n’ ubukangurambaga bw’ ubwizigame.
• Icyitegererezo cy’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi ni icyitegererezo gishingirwaho mu kuzamura imidugudu mo imitwe y’ ubucuruzi ikomeye.
• Uburambe ni ubushobozi bw’ ibikorwa by’ ubuhinzi bwo gukomeza kubyara inyungu bidatewe inkunga n’ imiryango y’ iterambere cyangwa leta.

Imidugudu igira ingano y' umusaruro umuhinzi/ umworozi umwe atabona bityo inyungu ikava mu bwinshi.

b)Kubera iki imidugudu y’ ubucuruzi

Abahinzi n’ aborozi bakeneye uburyo bw’ imikorere bunoze.

Ni ngombwa kugira imiyoborere ifite uko ikora mu rwego rwo kugira ubufatanye bw’ ubucuruzi bunoze kandi bwita ku nshingano.

. Ubufatanye mu bucuruzi bufite abaguzi banini bukagabanya/bugakuraho abahuza.

c)Guhitamo igihingwa cyangwa itungo nk' ikigo cy' ubucuruzi

• Hitamo igihingwa cyangwa itungo bifite amahirwe menshi kandi rikenewe ku isoko.
• Hitamo igihingwa cyangwa itungo biberanye n' agace kanyu cyane cyane mu bishingiye ku kirere no ku butaka.
• Hitamo ibihingwa cyangwa amatungo hashingiwe ku nyungu isigara Atari ku byinjira byose.
• Ita ku ikenurwa ry’abakozi n’ iboneka ryabo mbere yo guhitamo itungo ryo korora cyangwa igihingwa cyo guhinga nk’ ubucuruzi.
• Ita ku bisabwa nyuma y’ isarura n’ igihe umusaruro umara utarangirika

d) Inzira y’ ikura ry’ ubucuruzi