Imiyoborere y’ imidugudu y’ ubucuruzi

Itsinda ry’ abahinzi/aborozi b’ umwuga n’ imidugudu y’ ubucuruzi

 a) Komite nyobozi

Itsinda ry’ abahinzi/aborozi b’ umwuga na komite nyobozi y’umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi bitanga ubuyobozi ku rwego rwiza igihe haba hari ugusabana n’ ingo zihinga/zorora

Inshingano z’ ibanze za komite nyobozi ni:

1. Gukoresha inama zihoraho mu rwego rwo kuganira ku iterambere ry’ ibikorwa by’ itsinda.
2. Kugenzura no guhuza ibikorwa bya komite zungirije n’ amatsinda y’ abahinzi/aborozi
3. Kuyobora igenamigambi n’ ishyirwa mu bikorwa by’ ibikorwa/imishinga y’ imidugudu y’ ubucuruzi.
4. Gutegura raporo ku mikorere y’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi.
5. Guhuza itsinda n’ inzego za leta no gukorana bya hafi n’ abafatanyabikorwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa imirimo y’ umushinga.

b) Komite zungirije z’ imidugudu y’ ubucuruzi

i.Gucunga ibikorwa n’ umutungo kamere (umusaruro/ibishyirwamo/NRM/amashyamba y’ umudugudu, amazi n’ ibisubizo by’ ubutaka)

Ibisobanuro

Komite yungirije ishinzwe ibikorwa n’ umutungo kamere ishinzwe kuyobora ubuhinzi bw’ ibihingwa bitandukanye no gukora ku buryo ibikenerwa mu buhinzi bibonekera igihe kugirango haboneke umusaruro. Iyi komite yungirije kandi igenzura niba inzira zose z’ imikorere zubahirizwa mu buryo burambye mu rwego rwo kuzamura imicungire y’ umutungo kamere wose no kuzamura ingamba cyangwa ibikorwa birengera ibidukikije. Ni ngombwa kugira imikorere isobanutse n’ ingamba z’ imicungire y’ umutungo kamere zo kuzamura imidugudu y’ubucuruzi ngo ikore neza.

Imirimo y’ ingenzi n’ inshingano

• kugenzura mu bihe bihoraho uko ibirebana n’ imikorere no gusuzuma ibibazo by’ inyungu rusange ;
• gutegura gahunda y’ ibikorwa bizakorwa n’ amatsinday’ abahinzi n’aborozi b’ umwuga;
• Gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ icyitegererezo cy’ umudugudu w’ubucuruzi mu rwego rwo kuzamura umusaruro w’ ubuhinzi/ubworozi muri ako gace;
• Gutuma habaho uguhuza imbaraga no gukorera hamwe kw’ amatsinda y’ abahinzi/aborozi b’ abanyamwuga;
• Kuganira ibitekerezo bya tekiniki bijyanye n’ imikorere y’ ubuhinzi n’ ubworozi n’ imenyekanishabikorwa hamwe n’ abandi bafatanyabikorwa;
• gukora igenamigambi ry’ imikorere n’ imenyekanishabikorwa bafatanyije n’ amatsinda y’ abahinzi/aborozi baho hafi;
• Gufatanya n’ abatanga ibishyirwa mu buhinzi kugirango bizere ko ibikenewe byose bibonekera ku gihe.
• Kuzamura ugusangira inshingano mu micungire y’ umutungo no gutegura hagati y’ inzego zitandukanye za leta, abahinzi/aborozi n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa.
• Gutanga imirongo migari ku iterambere rirambye ry’ umutungo kamere n’ ufatika ku bahinzi.

ii.Imenyekanishabikorwa n’ iyongeragaciro (imenyekanishabikorwa/kongera ubwiza bw’umusaruro/ubugenzuzi)

Iranga

Imenyekanishabikorwa ni igice cy’ ingenzi mu bucuruzi kuko kigira uruhare runini mu kugera ku ntego kwa buri bucuruzi bushingiye ku buhinzi/ubworozi. Komite yungirije ishinzwe imenyekanishabikorwa yunganira umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi yongera ubumenyi n’ imyumvire y’ amsoko n’ ubwiza bw’ umusaruro w’ abahinzi/aborozi bukenewe ku isoko. Iyi komite izamura ibikorwa by’ imenyekanishabikorwa ry’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi ikanagenzura amahirwe mashya ku isoko kugirango yongere ibyinjizwa n’ abahinzi/aborozi. Amwe muri aya mahirwe ashobora kubamo amahitamo atandukanye ku iyongeragaciro n’ igice gishya cy’ isoko.

Imirimo n’ inshingano z’ ingenzi

• Gushyiraho, gushyira mu bikorwa no gusuzuma gahunda y’imenyekanishabikorwa mu gushyigikira gahunda y’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi;
• Gutegura ingengo y’ imari ku bufatanye n’ izindi komite zungirije z’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi ngo hashyigikirwe igenamigambi ry’ imenyekanishabikorwa;
• Gufatanya na komite yungirije ishinzwe ibikorwa n’ umutungo kamere kugirango habeho uguhuza hagati y’ imikorere n’ imenyekanishabikorwa;
• Gutanga ibisobanuro bisobanutse ku bahinzi/aborozi birebana n’ ibisabwa ku isoko (haba mu bwiza n’ ubwinshi) n’ ibiciro;
• Gushyiraho ubufatanye burambye hamwe n’ amasoko/abaguzi n’ isoko y’ abaguzi bashoboye mu rwego rwo kubona isoko rihagije ku bicuruzwa byose;
• Gushyiraho no gukurikirana imirongo ngenderwaho y’ ubwiza ku bihingwa byihariye hagamijwe amasoko yihariye kugirango ibicuruzwa byose byuzuze ibisabwa n’ isoko;
• Kumenya, gushyiraho no kugenzura ingamba z’imenyekanishabikorwa, bishingiye ku bumenyi bw’ intego zashyizweho, ibiranga isoko, ikiguzi n’ ibyuzuza;
• Guhanga, kuyobora no guhuza ibikorwa by’ imenyekanishabikorwa mu rwego rwo kuzamura ibicuruzwa;
• Kumvikana amasezerano n’ abaguzi;
• Guhuza no kugira uruhare mu bikorwa byo kuzamura ibicuruzwa mu bufatanye n’ abandi bafatanyabikorwa;
• Kubaka no gukomeza imibanire ikomeye n’ abahinzi/aborozin’ abafatanyabikorwa b’ ingenzi nk’ abakora ubwikorezi, abatanga serivisi z’ ububiko, n’ ibindi kugirango habeho uguhuza kw’ ibikorwa by’ imenyekanishabikorwa;
• Gutanga inama zishingiye ku bikenewe ku isoko, inama ku bahinzi/aborozi ku bicuruzwa bikeneye kongererwa agaciro.

iii.Ikoranabuhanga rusange (urubyiruko n’ itumanaho)

• Igaragaza

Iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rifatanyije n’ igabanuka mu myitabirire y’ urubyuruko mu buhinzi n’ ubworozi ni imbogamizi ikomeye ku iterambere mu miryango myinshi y’ ubuhinzi/ubworozi. Urubyiruko rugira uruhare mu iterambere no mu buhinzi kandi ni ngombwa kubashishikariza kwitabira ubuhinzi/ubworozi. Ibi ni ngombwa kugirango hizerwe uburambe bw’ ibikorwa by’ ubuhinzi/ubworozi no kugera ku ntego yo kwihaza mu biribwa n’ imirire myiza mu karere. Ukwinjiza iterambere rigezweho mu ikoreshwa ry’ ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho ni ingenzi no mu bikorwa by’ imidugudu y’ ubucuruzi. Ibi birimo gutekereza, kugaragaza, gushyiraho, isuzuma n’ ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ inzira zo gukoresha amakuru n’ ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho (ICT) mu mbago z’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi n’ intego y’ ingenzi yo kuvugurura itumanaho n’ umusaruro w’ abanyamuryango. Komite ishinzwe ikoranabuhanga rusange izafasha mu kwinjiza urubyiruko n’ ikoreshwa ry’ ikoranabuhanga mu mudugudu w’ ubucuruzi.

Imirimo y’ ibanze n’ inshingano

• Gushyiraho uburyo bushya to kwinjiza no kongera uruhare rw’ urubyiruko mu mudugudu w’ ubucuruzi no mu matsinda y’ abahinzi/aborozi b’ umwuga;
• Kuganira n’ abanyamuryango no gushyiraho ikoreshwa ry’ ikoranabuhanga mu bikorwa by’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi;
• Gukorana n’ abandi bafatanyabikorwa ngo hinjizwe inzira z’ udushya mu kwishyura urugero: ihererekanya ry’ amafaranga kuri telefoni ngo bagabanye igiciro cy’ igikorwa;
• Kuyobora imidugudu y’ ubucuruzi ku ikoranabuhanga rinoze mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ imirimo y’ imirimo y’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi;
• Kugenzura inzira zo ibikorwa by’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi mu banyamuryango binyuze mu ikoreshwa ry’ ikoranabuhanga. Urugero serivisi za bank zimukanwa, n’ ibindi
• Gushyiraho no kuzamura ubumenyi mu ikoranabuhanga mu banyamuryango b’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi binyuze mu guhugura abanyamuryango ku ikoreshwa ry’ ikoranabuhanga rikenewe mu mikorere y’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi;
• Kuzamura ukugera ku makuru y’ ubuhinzi no gufata iyambere mu gushyiraho inzira zitandukanye z’ itumanaho mu rwego rwo kuzamura intego z’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi; urugero umakuru agezweho ku isoko binyuze mu butumwa bugufi,
• Kuzamura ibikorwa by’ ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya biyobowe n’ ibikenerwa n’ urubyiruko mu buhinzi

iv. Ubwizigame mu mudugudu (ubwizigame/ibwishingizi buciriritse/ishoramari)

Iranga

Ubuhinzi butanga imirimo ku barenga 60% by’ abaturage bukanatanga uruhare rwa 26% by’ umusaruro mbumbe w’ igihugu. Abahinzi benshi bafite umutungo muke, imbogamizi ku musaruro wabo, ishoramari, ubwizigame n’ ibyinjira. Komite ishinzwe ubwizigame itanga amahirwe yo kuzamura umusaruro n’ ibyinjira by’ abahinzi. Amahitamo amwe ashobora gukoreshwa arimo guhuriza imbaraga hamwe no gukorera hamwe binyuze mu kwizigama gufite intego n’ imirongo y’ ishoramari.  Biciye muri iyi komite, abanyamuryango bategerezwaho kwizigamira umubare runaka ku munsi, ku cyumweru, mu kwezi cyangwa igihembwe nk’ uko binogeye abanyamuryango.. Ubwo bwizigame bushobora gukoreshwa nk’ inguzanyo yo kugurizwa abanyamuryango noneho agarurwa n’ inyungu bikabarwa bikazishyurwa mu byiciro cyangwa ukundi. Andi mahitamo ashobora kubamo gushyiraho ibikorwa by’ ishoramari mu rwego rwo kuzamura ibyinjira ku banyamuryango b’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi.

Imirimo y’ ibanze n’ inshingano

• kunganira mu gushyiraho ubwizigame n’ umurongo w’ inguzanyo ku banyamuryango b’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi;
• Gushyiraho uburyo bunoze bw’ ubwizigame no kwakira ubwishyu bw’ abanyamuryango ngo horoshywe ubwizigame;
• Gusyiraho imirongo n’ uburyo bwo gusaba inguzanyo;
• Izaba ishinzwe kwemeza no gutanga inguzanyo zose;
• Gushyiraho ingamba zigenga inguzanyo;
• Gusaba isuzuma rya buri nyuma y’ igihe runaka n’ ubugenzuzi bw’ ibitabo na za konti by’ ubwizigame bw’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi;
• gusuzuma no gukora ku nguzanyo zasabwe n’abanyamuryango;
• Gushakisha uko abahinzi/borozi bashobora gukora ishoramari ryunguka
• Gukurikirana abagurijwe ngo harebwe ko inguzanyo yatanzwe ikoreshwa icyo yatangiwe (impavu yakabaye yerekeye ku muhinzi/mworozi. Urugero kugura ibikoreshwa mu buhinzi, imirimo mishyashya y’ isoko no kubona igishoro);
• Gutanga ubwunganizi ku banyamuryango mu rwego rwo kunoza imirimo y’ icungamari kugirango ikomeze ubushobozi bwabo bw’ imari;
• Gusuzuma igenamigambi ry’ ubucuruzi ku banyamuryango mu rwego rwo kwizera uburambe bw’ ubucuruzi mbere y’ uko inguzanyo itangwa.

v.  Imari shingiro rusange y’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi (imibereho myiza y’ umudugudu)

Iranga

Ubushobozi bwo gushyiraho no gukoresha amoko atandukanye y’ imirongo y’ imibanire n’ imbaraga zivamo ni ishingiro mu iterambere ry’ umuryango. Ubushobozi n’ ubushake bwo gukorera hamwe bishoboza abanyamuryango b’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi mu kuzamura no kwakira inzira nshya mu rwego rwo guhaza ibyifuzo by’ abanyamuryango uko bazamuka. Abahinzi/aborozi benshi bafite imitungo mike n’ uburenganzira ku mutungo rusange uri kugabanuka kubera ibyinjira biri guhungabana. Ariko rero, binyuze mu mibanire rusange n’ ugukorana, abanyamuryango b’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi bashobora gufatanya, gusangira umutungo n’ ibyago, no gukorera hamwe. Komite ishinzwe umutungo rusange izashyiraho imirongo ngenderwaho no gushyiraho inzira zinyurwamo mu gushishikariza abanyamuryango b’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi, gufungurira imiryango imitungo itandukanye no kubona uburenganzira ku nzira zo gufata ibyemezo, ikoranabuhanga, umutungo n’ amasoko no kubyungukiramo

Imirimo y’ ingenzi n’ inshingano

• Guha imbaraga umwuka w’ ubumwe no gukorera hamwe hagati y’ abanyamuryango bose b’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi;
• Kumenya ibikenerwa n’ abanyamuryango b’ umudugudu w’ ubucuruzi no gushaka ibisubizo kugirango ibi bikenerwa biboneke. Urugero mu mibanire no mu buryo bw’ amafaranga;
• Gufasha abanyamuryango kwigira binyuze mu guhuza imikorere ishoboza abanyamuryango kwimjiza byinshi;
• Gushyiraho uburyo bwo kwinjiza abanyamuryango bashya n’ amategeko agenga ukugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’ imibereho myiza ku banyamuryango nko kuvugurura imihanda yo mu cyaro;
• Guha imbaraga uruhare rw’ abanyamuryango binyuze mu kuzamura ubwitabire bubyara umusaruro mu micungire n’ ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ imirimo no kuvugurura umwanya w’ abagore n’ urubyiruko binyuze mu kongera ubwitabire mu bikorwa by' itsinda.
• Kuvuganira ibikenerwa n’abanyamuryango binyuze mu mabwiriza no gusaranganya umutungo
• Kuzamura ibirebana n' ibiribwa n’imirire mu ngo z’ abanyamuryango

Igikorwa cya 2 mu itsindaGabanya abitabiriye mo amatsinda 5 matoya maze buri tsinda riganire umumaro n’ inshingano bya komite imwe yungirije; yaba komite ishinzwe imikorere na NRM, Imenyekanishabikorwa n’ iyongeragaciro, Imari n’ ubwizigame n’ ishoramari imibereho myiza n’ urubyiruko n’ itumanaho